- Predatory Nematodes: These voracious hunters feed on other soil organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and even other nematodes. They help regulate the populations of potentially harmful organisms and contribute to a balanced soil ecosystem.
- Bacterial-Feeding Nematodes: These nematodes consume bacteria and play a vital role in nutrient cycling. As they graze on bacteria, they release nutrients back into the soil, making them available for plant uptake.
- Fungal-Feeding Nematodes: These nematodes consume fungi and contribute to the decomposition of organic matter. By breaking down decaying plant material, they aid in nutrient recycling and soil structure improvement.
- Plant-Parasitic Nematodes: While some nematodes are beneficial, certain species are considered plant parasites. They can damage crops by feeding on plant roots and inhibiting their growth.
- Nutrient Cycling: Predatory and bacterial-feeding nematodes enhance nutrient cycling by breaking down organic matter and releasing essential nutrients into the soil.
- Pest Regulation: Predatory nematodes help control populations of harmful organisms, acting as natural pest controllers for plants.
- Soil Aeration: As nematodes move through the soil, they create tiny channels that improve soil aeration, allowing better root growth and nutrient absorption.
- Decomposition: Fungal-feeding nematodes aid in the decomposition of organic matter, contributing to humus formation and soil structure improvement.
- Biodiversity: The presence of various nematode species contributes to overall soil biodiversity, creating a resilient and balanced ecosystem.